NVDA Screen Reader

Carmen Willings
teachingvisuallyimpaired.com
Updated June 27, 2025
NVDA (NonVisual Desktop Access) is a free, open-source screen reader that makes Windows computers accessible to people who are blind or visually impaired. Developed by NV Access, NVDA is a widely respected tool with powerful features and strong community support.​

Key Features and Functionalities

  • Portable Version
    One of NVDA’s standout features is the ability to run it from a USB flash drive—no installation required. This makes NVDA ideal for use on public or managed computers where installing software isn't permitted.
  • Text-to-Speech (TTS)
    NVDA uses speech synthesizers to read text aloud. It includes the built-in eSpeak NG, supports Windows OneCore voices, and allows integration with third-party TTS engines like Vocalizer Expressive.
  • Braille Display Support
    NVDA is compatible with over 60 models of refreshable braille displays from major manufacturers. It supports both input and output and includes Braille display auto-detection features.
  • Customizable Speech Settings
    Adjust the speech rate, pitch, volume, punctuation level, and voice preferences. Users can switch synthesizers or install new ones to fit their needs and preferences.
  • Efficient Keyboard Navigation
    NVDA allows users to navigate and control the entire interface using keyboard commands. It supports application menus, dialogs, tables, and dynamic content like sliders and tabs.
  • Robust Web Accessibility
    NVDA works seamlessly with major browsers like Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, and Microsoft Edge, offering reliable navigation of headings, links, ARIA landmarks, form fields, tables, and dynamic content.
  • Document Access
    NVDA reads Word documents, PDFs (tagged and untagged), Excel spreadsheets, and plain text files. It works well with Microsoft Office, LibreOffice, and Google Docs (in Chrome).
  • Add-ons and Extensions
    NVDA supports a growing library of free add-ons that extend functionality—like additional voices, application-specific improvements, OCR support, and dictionary tools.
  • Configurable Interface
    You can change verbosity, customize keyboard shortcuts, create profiles for specific apps, and write scripts for automation using Python.
  • Automatic Updates
    NVDA has a built-in updater to keep users current with new features, security fixes, and compatibility improvements.
  • Strong Community and Training Resources
    NVDA has extensive support including a user guide, training modules, email lists, and community forums.

Pros 

  • Free and Open Source – No licensing cost, ideal for schools, nonprofits, and individuals.
  • Portable Option – Run NVDA from a USB drive with no installation.
  • Strong Web and Office Suite Compatibility – Works with Microsoft Office, Google Docs, and modern browsers.
  • Robust Braille Support – Excellent compatibility with many braille displays.
  • Active Community – Supportive user base, frequent updates, and a wealth of add-ons.

​Cons

  • Learning Curve – Requires time to learn command structure and screen reader conventions.
  • Less Polished UI – The interface may not be as visually refined or intuitive for sighted teachers or new users.
  • Limited Built-In OCR – NVDA requires an add-on (like NVDA OCR) for image-based text recognition, unlike JAWS which includes OCR natively.
  • Occasional App Incompatibility – Some non-standard or poorly coded apps may still present accessibility issues.
  • No Built-In Magnifier – Unlike Narrator or ZoomText Fusion, NVDA does not include visual magnification features.

Helpful Tips

  • Use the Caps Lock Key as the NVDA Modifier Key
    Many laptops do not include a dedicated Insert key. NVDA allows you to switch to using Caps Lock instead—just adjust this in Preferences > Keyboard Settings.
  • Use Add-Ons to Enhance Functionality
    Visit the NVDA Add-ons Directory to explore helpful extensions like:
    • OCR – Optical Character Recognition
    • WinMag – Screen magnifier
    • Weather Info – Spoken weather updates
    • PlaceMarkers – Save navigation spots in documents or websites
  • Learn with Hotkey Guides
    Download NVDA Keyboard Commands or Deque’s Quick Reference Guide for easy access to essential commands. For a full list of commands, visit nvaccess.org.

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