Self DeterminationBy: Carmen Willings
teachingvisuallyimpaired.com Updated June 9, 2019 Students need to understand their visual impairment in order to effectively communicate and advocate for their needs. It is equally important for students to learn how to problem solve in order to make the necessary adaptations in order to be successful.
Knowledge of Disability & NeedsIt is important for students to understand their disabilities and unique needs. Help the student develop a knowledge of their visual impairment and any other disability as well as the unique needs it results in. As part of learning about their disability, the student should be instructed on how to:
As part of learning about their visual impairment, it may be appropriate, to help the student learn the different parts of the eye. The student can do this by examining their own eyes in a mirror and examining the color and shape and differences in the eye. Depending on the student's developmental and cognitive level, it may be appropriate to encourage the student to explore a pull-apart model to help students explore different parts of the eye and discuss the various functions.
Advocate for NeedsIt is important for students to understand and be able to communicate with others about their unique needs. Students need to be taught how to:
Problem SolveAs with all students, it is important for students who are blind or visually impaired to learn how to problem solve and come up with solutions to problems. Encourage the student to develop the following problem-solving skills unique to their visual impairment:
Access Visual Impairment ResourcesIt is important for students to learn to access materials, resources, and agencies for people who are blind or visually impaired.
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History of vi
Visual Impairments
Vi organizations & Agencies
VI book resources
VI Professionals
Professionalism
Instructional Planning
Professional Publications
Educational Programming
Individual Learning Differences
referrals
Medical vision exams
fvlma
additional evaluations
service planning
writing goals
compensatory skills
Guiding Principles Functional Skills Community Based Experiences Concepts to Teach Access to Instruction Organization & Study Skills Time Management Virtual Instruction Movies & Assemblies Lectures & Instruction Board Work (Chalk, White, etc.) Daily Schedule Morning Meeting Weather Check Dramatic Play Blocks Numbers & Counting Cranmer Abacus Instruction Algebra Geometry & Spatial Sense Measurement & Data Early Literacy Experiences Create Tactual Books Reading Instruction Reading Efficiency Science Adaptations Social Studies Adaptations Communication Modes Accessible Educational Materials Individual Schedules & Communication Cards Adjust Lighting Large Print Optical Devices for Near Optical Devices for Distance Optical Device Use Photocopying Font Legibility Increase Contrast Pictures & Worksheets Keyboarding Instruction Word Processing and Shortcuts Navigate Computer w/o a Mouse Braille Code Braille Instruction Braille Instruction Materials Writing Braille Summer Reading (braille) Signature & Handwriting Nemeth Braille Code Tactile Graphics Guidelines Creating Tactile Graphics Tactile Graphics Instruction Teacher Made Materials Labeling System assistive technology
Overview of Assistive Technology VI AT Resources Non-Optical Low Vision Devices Video Magnifiers Video Magnifier Instruction Screen Enlargement & Readers Low/Med. Tech Tactual Devices Notetaker Instruction Braillewriter Repair Tactile Graphics Technology Braille Technology Auditory Access Devices Accessing Audio Books iPads as Instructional Tools Making iOS Device Accessible iOS Accessibility Resources VoiceOver Apps for VI Note Taking apps Apps for Accessing Books Identification Apps Navigation & Location Apps Braille Apps Magnifier Apps Sound Making Apps Cause & Effect Apps Vision Skills Apps Apps for Early Learning Read to Me Story Apps Apps for Communication Android Apps for VI sensory efficiency
Sensory Input Encourage Use of Vision Sensory Area & Rooms Lightbox Use Sensory Activities for Students with Multiple Disabilities Sensory Tables Visual Efficiency Skills Visual Attend and Scan Activities Visual Tracking Activities Visual Discrimination Activities Visual Motor Activities Tactual Readiness Developing Skillful Hands Auditory Readiness Listening Skill Instruction independent living
orientation & Mobility
career education
recreation & Leisure
self determination
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