Optical Devices for Distance Viewing

By: Carmen Willings
teachingvisuallyimpaired.com
Updated April 7, 2020

Low vision devices for distance viewing will allow individuals with low vision to access information in the distance, generally of distances more than 10 feet. This can be helpful in the classroom, work-site as well as in the community and some devices are specially designed to allow individuals with low vision to to drive. 

Individuals can be taught to use their prescribed distance optical devices to complete short-term distance tasks such as viewing directories in office buildings, menus in fast food restaurants, signs in grocery store aisles, score boards, information presented on the class board, information on smart boards, and classroom charts. They can also be used during O&M lessons to view house numbers, building signs, street signs, and bus numbers. A low vision specialist will prescribe these to students who can benefit from their use and take into account the student’s unique visual needs.

Hand Held Monocular

A monocular is a small telescope that is great for spotting information at a distance. Hand Held Monoculars provide power up to 14x. They are hand-held, but there are also models that can be mounted to a pair of glasses. They are small in size and can fit into a pocket or purse. They are helpful in spotting information such as information on the board, demonstrations, bus numbers, street signs, fast food restaurant menus, and scoreboards but they do restrict the visual field and limit the student to just one free hand. They are helpful in recreational settings to view theater and sporting events. The best use of telescopes and monoculars is to view information and presentations and not for note taking as copying while using the monocular is very exhausting. Students should be encouraged to take the monocular to other school events (e.g. assemblies, film presentations, games, field trips, etc.). When a student is using a telescope to read the chalkboard, they will need to sit at a specific distance based on the power and quality of the device. This distance along with the specifications of the use of the device, would be included in the report from the Low Vision Specialist. Keep in mind that it is difficult to copy work from the board as the student would need to continuously shift their gaze and scan to locate information.

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Binoculars

Binoculars are used for short term distance viewing when students have vision in both eyes and can fuse an image. They can provide a larger field and make it easier to find targets, but are larger and heavier than monoculars and much more conspicuous.

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​Spectacle Mounted Telescopes

Telescopes of up to 8x magnification can be fitted into spectacle frames or clipped onto the users own spectacles. These are not intended to be used when traveling as they have a very restricted field of view. They are intended to help users read sheet music, watch TV, and view other information when in a seated position. 

BiOptic Telescopes

These telescopes differ than the above as they allow the user to walk and otherwise travel safely when using them. The top has an “auto focus” so that objects viewed will automatically come into focus regardless of the distance. 

Sensory Efficiency Skills

Auditory Readiness

• Respond to sounds that are loud, moderate, or soft
• Turn toward voice or noise
• Localize sound by pointing to sound source
• Move toward noise stimulus
• Attend to environmental sound
• Respond to auditory directions
• Locate stationary sound
• Track a moving sound target
• Identify and label environmental sounds
• Use sound to orient to environment

Visual Efficiency

• In dark room, maintain visual fix on lighted object
• Responds to visual item (light, face, object)
• Visually attend to highly motivating materials
• Return gaze to object when visual fix is broken
• Visually attend to familiar objects
• Visually attend to communication symbols
• Visually fix on educational or vocational items
• Visually shift gaze and focus on parallel materials
• Visually shift gaze and focus on non-parallel materials
• Visually track slow moving materials
• Visually scan from field of 3 to locate preferred toy
• Visually scan all choices (field of 3) before making choice
• Visually scan to locate requested item
• Identify both primary and secondary colors
• Move toward visual item
• Develop visual motor skills
• Develop visual discrimination skills
• Develop visual closure skills
• Develop visual sequencing skills
• Visual Association (classify, group, sort, match)
• Visual Memory (objects, color, pictures)

Optical Device Use

• Tolerate and wear prescribed glasses
• Proper care of prescribed glasses
• Proper use of prescribed near Optical Device
• Proper use of prescribed distance Optical Device
• Initiate use of prescribed optical device
• Anticipates need for and obtains device prior to activity
• Proper care of prescribed optical devices
• Position self for best viewing
• Spot (localize, focus, identify) isolated target
• Visually trace lines from left to right
• Trace variety of lines in all directions across planes
• Track moving object at close, medium and far distances
• Track/scan for reading
• Efficiently refocus monocular while tracing and tracking
• Use systematic scanning tech. while searching for target
• Copy symbols or words from distance targets
• Increased speed, stamina & proficiency w/ near tools
• Increased speed, stamina & proficiency w/ distance tools
• State purpose, power and range of focus
• Independently store and retrieve devices

Tactile Readiness

• Alert to tactile stimulation
• Tactually search near surface to locate objects
• Tactually search environment to locate objects
• Explore objects with one/two hands
• Manipulate objects with two hands
• Identify objects by touch
• Tactile discrimination between objects
• Use fingers independently
• Sort textures by touch
• Match textures by touch
• Recognize and identify textures
• Develop skillful hands